Example picture of Fungi that been found near Taman Desa Jaya Jengka, Pahang
Picture by Muhammad Abdullah Bin Ibrahim UK31867
Video about the relationship between fungi and plant
Muhammad Syahir Bin Jalalludin UK32469
Parasitic Fungi
Muhammad Syahir bin Jalalludin UK32469
COMMENSALISM
,Text by Sazliza Bt Saidon UK31502, Rosanira Bt. Mohamed UK 30829 & Siti Syafiqah Bt. Shaari UK30714
Picture by Muhammad Abdullah Bin Ibrahim UK31867
Design by Muhammad Syahir Bin Jalalludin UK32469
Picture by Muhammad Abdullah Bin Ibrahim UK31867
Design by Muhammad Syahir Bin Jalalludin UK32469
![Picture](/uploads/6/2/1/2/62123219/2375830.jpg?250)
MUTUALISM
By Fazira Yahya I UK 31852
MYCORRHIZAE FUNGI
Mycorrhizae are one of the member from fungi group which form relationship with plant’s root. In this association, the fungi colonize the root tissue during active plant growth. Both fungi and plant will provide benefits to each other like fungi provide phosphate and minerals to plant while plants provide fungus with nutrients like sugar.
Type of mycorrhizae
- Ectomycorrhizae which form sheath around the root of plant called mantle.The hyphae of the fungi will be extending out and run into the soil. This increase the surface area for water and absorption of mineral. This mycorrhizae is usually found in forest trees such as conifer, birch and oak.
- Endomycorrhizae or also called arbuscular mycorrhizae are fungui that can be found at the outer layer of plant’s root. The mycelium of the fungus is attaced within the tissue of the plant’s root. This kind of mycorrhizae fungi can usually be found in the roots of terrestrial plants.
Interaction of Mycorrhizae fungi and plant.
- Orchid mycorrhizae
- Most orchid seeds can only germinated when there are present of fungus.
- Type of mycorrhizal fungi that involve in this association are Basidiomycota with particular species, Rhizoctonia.
- Seeds of orchid do not have enough nutrients to support the germination and thus they depend on orchid mycorrhizae which will infect the seeds of orchid and supply the necessary nutrition for the germination.
- In return from this colonisation, orchid obtains carbohydrates, water and minerals whle mycorrhizal fungi obtain trace elements from the plant.
- The association of arbuscus mycorrhizae (AM) usually can be found at plant crops such as wheat, beans, tomatoes and many more.
- This symbiosis relationship maintains and stimulates the growth of plant while substantially reducing the use of fertilizer
- The hyphae of AM fungi create connection and penetrate the epidermis of young root and spread into root tissues where differentiation process occur
- Thus, the result of this association enchance the capture of nutrient for the plant while fungus are able to obtain carbon supply from the host.
PARASITISM
By Muhammad Syahir bin Jalalludin UK32469 and Muhammad Abdullah Bin Ibrahim UK31867
![Picture](/uploads/6/2/1/2/62123219/1203857.jpg?1445090787)
Mutualism interaction
by Nik Nur Fatin Afifah Bt Nik Aziz UK33037
- Mutualism definition.
- Mutualism means a positive interaction where benefits are gained by each other.
- What is lichen?
- Lichen is a term to a symbiotic relationship between fungus (mycobiont) and at least one type of photosynthetic organism (photobiont) that contain micro alga, cyanobacterium or both.
- Lichen is known as symbiotic association between fungus and alga.
- Interaction.
- Alga cell has surrounded with hyphae of the fungus which provide protection from environment and act as suitable environment for growth.
- Alga supplied photosynthates and nitrogen compound to the fungus. (Steven at. al., 2007)
- How its benefit each other?
- Fungal need food to survive.
- Fungal prefer plants that can make food by photosynthesis.
- Fungus harvest sugar (food), sending out chemicals and help them diffuse through permeable cell of algae.
- Algae can live in extreme place and environment with the collaboration with fungus.
- Habitat
- Rocks and trees are natural substrate or habitat to lichen.
- Some prefer to grow on soil that provides moisture, nutrient and place to grow.
- Reproduction of lichen
- Sexual method through spore propagation.
- Asexual method through vegetative reproduction.